This lecture introduces Modelica-based modeling, simulation, control, and optimization for grid-interactive efficient data centers. Using the open-source Modelica Buildings Library, we demonstrate equation-based, object-oriented modeling of cooling equipment, system configurations, control strategies, and integrated thermal-electrical systems. Case studies illustrate how Modelica can support model calibration, identify control and operational inefficiencies, evaluate energy-efficiency measures, and improve data center performance. We also examine coordinated control of IT and cooling systems for frequency regulation and other grid services.
Finally, coupled Modelica-FFD modeling is briefly introduced for holistic thermal and cooling optimization.